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Tetradecapeptide, Mastoparan B(MP B) and its [Alai]-, [Ala`]-, [Ala6]-, [Alai-MP B derivatives were synthesized, and then their antibacterial and hemolytic activities were assayed to examine the effect of hydrophobicity and amphiphilicity on the MP B-induced those activities. MP B and more hydrophobic [Alai]-, [Ale]MP B showed stronger antibacterial activity and less hydrophobic [Ala6]-MP B than MP B did similar or weaker activity, so more hydrophobic [Ala]-MP B derivative had stronger activity. But more hydrophobic [A1a9]-MP B than MP B showed weaker activity because of its Trp substitution by Ala. On the other hand, [Alai- and [Ala`]MP B showed 100.0% and 69.4´% hemolytic activity, but [Ale]-MP B did the weakest activity(6.1%) and [AlalMP B, weaker activity(26.0%) than MP-B. Therefore, more hydrophobic [Ala]-MP B derivative had stronger activity and the effect of amphiphilicity on the activity was weak.
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